Altitude 1 m below the sea level. 31,000 inhabitants
It was
built in the years 1958/65 and the buildings were designed by great architects
such as Adalberto Libera (1903/63), Ugo Luccichenti (1898/1976), Mario
Paniconi (1904/73), Giulio Pediconi
(1906/99) and Giuseppe Vaccaro (1896/1970)
The idea of
a neighborhood with houses for wealthy families near the EUR district dated to the
fascist period
District east of Acilia and west of Vitinia, part of the Municipality of Rome
It was founded
in 1960 under the name Villaggio INA Casa
(Village of the INA Building Society) named after the building complex built at
the time
The current
name is derived from a farmhouse belonging to the Bernocchi counts
St.
Peter Damian
1970 Attilio Spaccarelli (1890/1975)
It was consecrated
only in 2002 due to problems of stability due to infiltrations of water
St. Pio of Pietrelcina
2007/10 Alessandro Anselmi, Valentino
Anselmi and Valerio Palmieri part of the
study SAA & A (Architecture Studio Anselmi & Associates)
Padre Pio
was canonized by John Paul II on June 16th 2002
The total
area of the impressive structure is 2,995 m² (32,200 square feet), of which
800 m² (8,600 square feet) are allocated to the liturgical hall and the
remaining areas are outdoor spaces and other premises used for the various
activities of the parish
Altitude 550 m (1,800 feet). 5,000 inhabitants
Agricultural
town known for numerous beautiful portals with ornaments and of good wishes
It is
mentioned in the sources for the first time in 1077
Here Pope Leo
XIII Pecci (1878/1903) was born
St.
Mary of the People
End of the
fifteenth century for Sixtus IV della Rovere (1471/84) as a votive offering
against the plague
Inside there
is a candle always lit up, fueled with local olive oil since 1657, the year of
the last plague
St.
Peter the Apostle
Built for
Cardinal Pietro Aldobrandini
Here used
to be kept the painting "St. Francis of Assisi in Meditation" by
Michelangelo Merisi aka Caravaggio (1571/1610),
now in the Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Antica at Palazzo
Barberini in Rome
St.
Augustine
Twelfth
century, with an attached convent
Restored at
the behest of Pope Leo XIII to whom the organ with silver reeds was donated by
the Swiss diocese of St. Gallen
Semprevisa
Mountain
1,536 m
(5,000 feet) high
Altitude 915 m (3,000 feet). 400 inhabitants
Maybe
founded in the year 730 by refugees from the territory of Preneste
It was a
feud of the Colonna family and of other families
Parish
Church of Mary Magdalen
1520 for
Cardinal Giuliano Capranica by an unknown architect, maybe, according to some, Donato Bramante (1444/1514)
Beautiful dome
Barberini Palace
Built
between the fourteenth and the sixteenth century. Formerly Palazzo Capranica
It is located
on pre-existing medieval building with an intact external structure dating back
to the sixteenth century
Altitude 160 m (525 feet). 6,400 inhabitants
Formerly Leprignano, town surrounded by a
territory cultivated mainly with grapes, divided into two sections, a new one and
a medieval one
Outside the
town hall there are some "Marble stones with inscriptions" found in
the vicinity
In the small
church of S. MARIA DELLE GRAZIE there is a "Madonna" painted in the
sixteenth century
St.
Michael
On the main
altar "Triptych with Saviour and Sts. Peter and
Paul" by Antonio del Massaro aka Antonio da
Viterbo or Pastura (about 1450/1516)
3 km (1.8
miles) northeast of the town in the area known as Civitucola
It was one
of three cities (the other two were Lucus
Feroniae and Sepernas) of the
Confederation of the Capenati, Italic
population akin to Latin although of Sabine origin and linked to the Etruscans
of Veii until the fourth century BC, when it was subjected to Rome
There is
only evidence of constructions on the hill, but there is a very extensive
necropolis with three sectors:
Le Saliere (Salt Mines), graves with pits of the eighth or
seventh century BC
Le Macchie (The Bushes) where the "Plate with the Elephant"
of the third century BC was found, now in the Etruscan
Museum at Villa Giulia
S. Martino (St. Martin) with tombs dating back from the
seventh to the third century BC
378 m (1,240 feet), 3,900 ab.
Agricultural
town founded in the late 1500s
It was a
feud of the Orsini family first and later a feud of the Altieri family
It was
known simply as Monte Virginio or Canale
The town
changed its name to Canale Monterano only in 1873
Church
of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
1677/79 Mattia De
Rossi (1637/95) maybe designed by Gian Lorenzo
Bernini (1598/1680)
Already
depopulated for malaria during the eighteenth century and finally abandoned in
1799 for the bombing of the French troops
The
survivors moved to the nearby Canale Monterano
There are
still some extremely evocative ruins of the abandoned village:
DUCAL
PALACE, LION FOUNTAIN (now the fountain is in the Piazza del Comune in Canale
Monterano and the Lion, symbol of the city, is in the town hall) and CHURCH AND
CONVENT OF St. BONAVENTURE with OCTAGONAL FOUNTAIN opposite:
Everything
was built in the years 1677/79 by Mattia De Rossi and
Carlo Fontana (1634/1714) from a design by Gian Lorenzo Bernini for Prince Gaspare Altieri in the
period when the uncle of his wife Laura, Clement X Altieri (1670/76 ) was the
pope
Remains of an
aqueduct of the seventeenth century
The Lion Fountain
next to the castle was a big part of the scenery created by the genius of
Bernini with the large waterfall coming down on fake rocks and the lion with
his paw in the middle going along with the flow of water
The floor
of the church of St. Bonaventure is the only original floor of a church built
by Bernini
It has been
the setting for many films including Ben
Hur and the Italian movies Brancaleone
alle Crociate and Il Marchese del
Grillo
Altitude 285 m (930 feet). 9,500 inhabitants
The origins
of the town date back to the ninth century
Agricultural
center since the Middle Ages (grapes and artichokes) and food manufacturing
industries
The town
has a modern section, a medieval center with towers and portals and a section
built in the seventeenth century
In late
April here the Festival of Artichokes and of the Bacchanal is held
Parish of St. John
1515 over
an older church with materials from another early Christian church destroyed
nearby
Modified in
1659 and in the nineteenth century
CEILING
1971 with
some ancient sections
4th
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
Altar
frontal of the Renaissance period
5th
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
Wooden
statue of "Our Lady of the Angels" of the seventeenth century
Frescoes
"Presentation in the Temple" and "Birth of Mary" by Federico Zuccari (about 1542/1609) and Taddeo Zuccari (1529/66)
PRESBYTERY
Frescoes
"Stories of St. John" by the Zuccaris
and polychrome wooden ceiling 1582 maybe by Jacopo Del
Duca (about 1520/1604)
TO THE LEFT
OF PRESBYTERY
"Altar
frontal" with five bas-reliefs from Renaissance baptismal fonts and “Aedicula”
with coat of arms of the Orsini family
4th
and 3rd CHAPEL ON THE LEFT
Early Romanesque
altar frontals (eighth and ninth centuries)
AT THE END
OF THE LEFT NAVE
Next to the
entrance "St. John Beheaded" maybe by Giulio Pippi aka Giulio Romano (1499/1546)
Sanctuary of the Madonna del Sorbo
5 km (3.1
miles) southeast of Campagnano di Roma
Known since
996. Built on a rocky outcrop
The
monastery is in ruins. The church was restored in the seventeenth century for Cardinal
Flavio Chigi and again recently
Canvas on
board of the eleventh century
Baccano Valley
5 km (3.1 miles) southwest of Campagnano di
Roma
One of the
biggest basins that were formerly craters in the volcanic district of the Monti Sabatini
The valley
was originally filled up for almost 13 square kilometers (3200 acres) by a lake
partially drained in 1838 by the Chigi family and completely drained (it was
still 8 km² - 2000 acres) only in 1920
Notorious
for malaria and for the bandits who used to frequently rob the house with stables
to change horses on the Via Cassia which had been built on the site of the
Roman village Baccanae
Altitude 280 m (920 feet). 15,000 inhabitants
Inhabited
since the time of the Etruscans, it is the most important city in the area of
the Monti Sabatini
With an
area of 57 square kilometers (22 square miles) it is the second largest lake
of the Lazio region after that of Bolsena and one of the largest in Italy
It is of
volcanic origin and it has a circular perimeter of about 32 km (20 miles)
The water
level is 165 m (541 feet) above sea level and its depth is equally 165 m
The water
is sweet and it is a remarkable water reserve for the city of Rome
Church
of St. Stephan
Mentioned
in the sources for the first time in 1427. It was rebuilt in 1638
FAÇADE
mid-eighteenth century
1st
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"S.
Jehoshaphat in the desert" maybe by Francesco
Trevisani (1656/1746)
2nd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"Triptych
of the Saviour" 1315
3rd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"St.
Sebastian" (protector from plague and patron of Bracciano) by Giacinto Gimignani (1606/81)
MAIN ALTAR
"Martyrdom
of St. Stephen" by Jean-Baptiste Wicar (1762/1834)
LEFT TRANSEPT
"Saints
with Sixtus V and his family" maybe by Domenico Zampieri aka Domenichino (1581/1641)
1st
CHAPEL ON THE LEFT
"Baptism
of Jesus" by an unknown pupil of Carlo Maratta and
"S. Irene of Tomar" by an unknown pupil of
Guercino
Church of S. Maria Novella
Late
Baroque style with annexed Augustinian CLOISTER
Inside there
are various paintings by Tadeusz Kuntze aka Taddeo il
Polacco (1732/93) and pupils
Church
of S. Liberato
IX century
Since 1374
it was home to a small monastic community
Since the
fifteenth century it was owned by the Augustinians and it is currently owned by
the Odescalchi family
“At the side
of the building there are rooms which were used in the past as cells. Based on
the analysis of the walls and the marble finds, the building is the result of
alterations performed throughout the centuries. We can distinguish at least
five architectural interventions between XI and XVI centuries. During the first
intervention, a rectangular room was built on some remains from the Roman
times, which cannot be identified anymore. Seemingly, the room was built on a
crypt without apse, which could be accessed through a door, supposedly under
the present entrance” (Official web site of S. Liberato – www.sanliberato.it)
GARDENS OF S.
LIBERATO
Botanical
garden of about 7 hectares (17 acres) with species from all over the world
designed since 1964 by the English landscape architect Russell
Page (1906/85)
Orsini Odescalchi Castle
Pentagonal
layout
It is
mentioned in the sources for the first time in 1234 as Rocca dei Prefetti di Vico (Fortress of the Prefects of Vico)
Reconstruction
in about 1470/85 initiated by Napoleone Orsini and completed by his son Gentile
Virginio Orsini
In 1494 here
Charles VIII was a guest
In 1497 the
castle was assaulted by the papal troops who occupied it in 1501
It became
property of the Orsini family again in 1560 at the behest of Pope Pius IV
Medici (1560/65), and here, in that same year, the wedding between Paolo Giordano
Orsini and Isabella de' Medici was celebrated
On that
occasion there were works directed by Jacopo Del Duca (about
1520/1604) pupil of Michelangelo
The
nineteenth-century legend has it that Isabella was strangled sixteen years later
by her husband for infidelity
Paolo
Giordano Orsini would have found out that she had had many lovers invariably
killed after having had sex with them by throwing them in a secret trap door of
the castle
The letters
between the couple, however, would seem to document that not only Isabella was
in the castle only for very short periods, but also that she died of natural
causes and that the couple loved each other very much. Other documents seem to
prove the legendary story
In 1584 here
Marcantonio Colonna was a guest
In 1696 the
castle passed to the Odescalchi family
In 1803 it
passed to the Torlonia family, then in 1848 back to the Odescalchis who still
own it today
It was restored
in the years 1894/99 by Raffaele Ojetti (1845/1924)
ROOM 1
Room of the Pope
Pope Sixtus
IV della Rovere (1471/84) stayed in this room during the plague of Rome of 1481
In the
vault frescoes "Horoscope of the spouses and emblems of the Orsini and
Medici families" and "Stories of the life of Alexander the
Great" 1559/60 by Taddeo Zuccari (1529/66)
helped by his brother Federico Zuccari (about
1542/1609)
ROOM 3
Room of Humbert I
The king of
Italy Humbert I (1878/1900) slept in this room in the year 1900
Wooden
ceiling painted in the years 1491/1500 by Antonio Aquili aka Antoniazzo Romano (about 1435-40/1508) and assistants
ROOM 5
Room "Of Pisanello"
"Frieze
with scenes of hunting and recreation" painted by unknown
artists of the school of Antonio Pisano aka Pisanello (about 1390/about
1455)
Collection
of seventeenth-century ceramics and portraits of members of the Odescalchi family
ROOM 6
Room of the hunting trophies or Room the
Caesars
Frescos "Gentile Virginio Orsini"
and "Orsini meets Piero de' Medici" 1491 by Antonio Aquili aka Antoniazzo Romano and assistants
Busts of
Roman emperors sculpted in the seventeenth century
ROOM 7
Room of the Orsini
Busts of
"Paolo Giordano Orsini II" and "Isabella de 'Medici" by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680)
"Paolo
Orsini was a versatile talent: poet, musicologist, designer. It was also a
caricaturist, whose technique he learned directly from his teacher Annibale
Carracci. He was a friend of Bernini, who painted a portrait of him, which for
anti-rhetorical representation, for the immediacy and profound wit that animate
it, it is considered one of the most successful work in the art of portraiture
of all times" (Cesare D'Onofrio)
ROOM 9
Red Room also known as Isabella’s Room
Wooden
ceiling painted both by Antonio Aquili aka Antoniazzo
Romano (about 1435-40/1508) and Taddeo Zuccari (1529/66)
1559/60 with "Scenes from the story of Cupid and Psyche"
"All
these decorations with their quiet grace, placed in the vaults with stuccos and
neat grotesque decorations, fill the room without making it look
over-decorated, contrary to what happens with paintings on ceilings by Vasari.
(...) The lazy natural movements of the figures shows an artist in full
possession of all the means of decorative profane painting " (Hermann
Voss)
ROOM 12
Room of Hercules
Frieze
"Labors of Hercules" painted in the fifteenth century and ARMOURY
ROOM 13
Weapons Room
It was obtained
by halving the height of the Room of the Caesars
Armours of
the fifteenth and sixteenth century
ROOM 15
Sicilian Room
Sicilian
iron bed of the fifteenth century
ROOM 16
Etruscan Room
Objects
from Caere Vetus (Cerveteri) and Alsium (Palo)
PATH OF GUARD
Panorama on
the six towers
Ancient city on a territory corresponding now to the district of FRATTOCCHIE part of the city of Marino
According
to tradition, it was a colony of Alba
Longa, after the destruction of which it inherited its functions regarding religious
cults that continued here
Tiberius
(14/37) established the cult of the Gens
Iulia in a SACRARIUM, and maybe
he even introduced games in honor of Augustus for which the THEATER and the CIRCUS
were built
All it
remains of the circus are only some traces of the carceres (starting gates). Archaeologists figured it measured 337.50
x 68.60 m (1,108 x 225 feet)
Altitude 420 m (1,400 feet). 12,000 inhabitants
The name dates
back to 1873
Since 1151
the town was called Montefortino and
the name was changed because it was linked to its reputation as a city of
bandits
It was feud
of the families Tuscolani, Colonna, Orsini and Borghese since 1614 with the
Cardinal Scipione Borghese Caffarelli (1577/1633)
For the
particular shape of the town it is considered to be the largest pedestrian area in Europe
Borghese
Palace
1615/18 designed
by Jan Van Santen aka Giovanni Vasanzio (1550/1621)
for the Cardinal Scipione Borghese with PORTAL maybe by Martino Longhi il Giovane (1602/60)
Frescoes by
Paul Brill (1554/1626)
On the same
square of the palazzo there is the PALAZZETTO DEL GOVERNATORE (small palace of
the governor) also by Jan Van Santen aka Giovanni
Vasanzio, used in the past as a courthouse and also as a prison
Archaeological
Museum
The museum
building was originally the GRANAIO BORGHESE, the Borghese barn. Besides being
a museum it now houses the headquarters of the City Council and it is used for
cultural events
Objects
found in the territory of Artena dating back from the Neolithic period until
the ninth century AD
Collegiate
Church of the Holy Cross
Built in
the twelfth century. It was rebuilt in 1661 for Cardinal Scipione Borghese with
two short bell towers on either side of the façade
Archaeological
area of about 30 hectares (74 acres) dating back to 500 BC at PIANO DELLA
CIVITA (630 m - 2000 feet), 1.5 km from Artena
A town (oppidum) of the Volsci people
hypothetically called Fortinum for a
population called Fortineii that
lived in this territory
Altitude 470 m (1,550 feet). 1,500 inhabitants
It was
built after the destruction of the town of Carsioli
in 776
It was donated
to the monastery of Subiaco
Since the
thirteenth century it belonged to the Passamonti family, since 1536 to the
Zambeccari family and since 1574 to the Massimo family
Here the
ancient Fiera di S. Bartolomeo (Fair
of St. Bartholomew) is held
CHURCH OF St.
LAWRENCE dating back to the sixteenth century and rebuilt in the eighteenth
century
CHURCH OF
St. ROCH with frescoes of the sixteenth century
Massimo
Castle
XI century,
Castle-Monastery of the Benedictine order
Transformed
in the late sixteenth century by the Massimo family
Furniture of
the sixteenth century
Large room
frescoed in 1573, maybe by Federico Zuccari (about
1542/1609)
Large room
frescoed in 1749 by Marco Benefial (1684/1764)
Collection
of weapons
PHARMACY of
the sixteenth century
CHAPEL with
decoration in Cosmatesque style (XII or XIII century)
GARDEN IN
ITALIAN STYLE AND BEAUTIFUL PARK with an imposing "Statue of the Goddess
Rome" from the Baths of Constantine, later moved to the Villa Peretti
Montalto by Sixtus V Peretti (1585/90) and moved back to Àrsoli when the
Termini train station was built
Church
of the Holy Saviour
Ancient
foundation and reconstruction after 1574 by Giacomo
Della Porta (1533/1602)
2nd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
Mexican
painting "Our Lady of Guadalupe" 1790
3rd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
A copy of
the "Holy Shroud"
MAIN ALTAR
"Transfiguration" maybe by Domenico
Zampieri aka Domenichino (1581/1641)
Altitude 412 m (1,351 feet). 18,000 inhabitants
Ancient Aricia, Latin city which took part in
the struggles of the Latins against Rome and later became a city federated with
Rome (municipio)
In the year
87 BC it was sacked by Marius and reinforced by Sulla
Its fame
came from the Sanctuary of Diana Aricina
or Nemorense which used to stand on the shore of Lake Nemi
In 1661 the
Ariccia feud was bought by the Chigi family
1847/54 Ireneo Aleandri (1795/1885)
It was destroyed
by the Germans in 1944, it was reconstructed after World War II and it
collapsed in 1967
Since 1997
there are safety nets to prevent the recurrence of suicide attempts
198 x 11,56
m (650 x 38 feet)
It was
built so that the road wouldn’t have been too steep dealing with the overhang
of the hill
Maybe it was
built at the behest of the Gracchi brothers who, according to Plutarch, restored
the Via Appia
60 m (197
feet) from the ancient Appian Way that passed through the lower part of the
ancient settlement
There are remains
of the walls of the cella built in large square blocks of peperino stone
Area of
about 5 hectares (12.3 acres) near Mount Gentile, northeast of the town
Structures
for the most part built in reticulated work (opus reticulatum) attributed to Emperor Vitellius according to
Tacitus
Remains of
a nymphaeum and cisterns known as Muracce
Martorelli
Inn
Old hotel
of the Grand Tour of Italy, frequented by artists and writers from 1820 until 1880
Frescoes "Myth of
Diana" by Tadeusz Kuntze aka Taddeo il Polacco (1732/93)
Republic Square
1662/65 Gian Lorenzo
Bernini (1598/1680)
Two symmetrical fountains
Shrine
of St. Mary of Galloro
1624,
expanded in 1661
FAÇADE by Gian Lorenzo Bernini
MAIN ALTAR
Maybe by Gian Lorenzo Bernini with "Madonna with
Child" on peperino stone (well cemented tufa typical of the Lazio region)
found in the woods in 1621
Above one
of the altars "St. Thomas of Villanova" 1663 by Giacinto Gimignani (1606/81)
1st
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"S.
Francis de Sales" by Guillaume Courtois aka il
Borgognone (1628/79)
Every
December 8th the Processione
della Signorina (Procession of the Young Lady) takes place to commemorate
the end of the plague in 1656. So-called because the procession is led by a
young girl
The image
of the Virgin Mary is carried in procession to the house of a citizen of
Ariccia who will keep the sacred image for six months
St.
Mary of the Assumption
1662/65 Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680) for the Chigi family,
consecrated in the presence of Pope Alexander VII Chigi (1655/67)
The two
semicircles were originally the House of
the Minister and the House of the
Governor
DOME
Stucco
decoration "Cherubs and Angels" holding suspended garlands, designed
by Bernini, made by Pietro Paolo Naldini (1619/91)
"The
simple structure depended on an attempt to create an imaginary Pantheon of the
venerable republican period. Bernini believed that the old building was
originally an example of heroic simplicity and grandeur. In the area of the
dome, with a combination of coffered ceiling and ribs, there is a realistic
decoration similar to that of Castelgandolfo. What do these credible figures
mean? The church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and, according to legend,
jubilant Angels would have scattered flowers on the day of her Assumption. As
the jubilant angels, higher beings who live in an area inaccessible to the faithful,
are treated with extreme realism, they evoke true life in full. So when
entering the church, the pious man participates in the mystery taking place. As
at Castelgandolfo, the consecration of the church results in a
dramatic-historical interpretation; the whole church is subject, and dominated,
by this particular event and the entire interior has become a stage" (Rudolf
Wittkower)
The altarpieces
were all executed in the years 1662/65
1st
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"St.
Roch among the lepers" by Alessandro Mattia da Farnese
(1631/?)
2nd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"Holy
Trinity with St. Augustine" by Bernardino Mei (1612/76)
3rd
CHAPEL ON THE RIGHT
"St. Francis
de Sales tramples heresy" by Emilio Taruffi (1633/96)
In front of
the altar "Baptismal font" fourth century AD
MAIN ALTAR
Designed by
G.B. Contini (1641/1723)
Large
fresco representing with an illusionistic effect of breaching the landscape
behind the church: "Assumption" about 1666 by Guillaume Courtois aka il Borgognone (1628/79)
Under the
altar "Urn of the seventeenth-century" with relics of the martyr St. Deodatus
3rd
CHAPEL ON THE LEFT
"Death
of St. Thomas of Villanova" by Raffaele Vanni (1587/1673)
from Siena
2nd
CHAPEL ON THE LEFT
"Holy
Family" by Ludovico Gimignani (1643/97)
1st
CHAPEL ON THE LEFT "St. Anthony of Egypt" by Giacinto
Gimignani (1606/81)
Built in
the second half of the sixteenth century as a castle for the Savelli family
Renovated in
the years 1664/72 by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680)
with his pupil Carlo Fontana (1634/1714) by
Alessandro VII Chigi (1655/67)
Sold by the
Chigi family to the Municipality of Ariccia in 1988 and opened to the public in
1999
It is a
museum and a center of many cultural activities such as exhibitions, concerts, and
conferences
It
preserves the original furnishings of the seventeenth century with valuable
paintings
Among the
films shot here "The Leopard" by Luchino Visconti in 1962 and "L’Avaro"
with Alberto Sordi
Private
apartment of the Cardinal Flavio Chigi
NINE ROOMS
that preserve the original furniture of the seventeenth century and paintings
from the Chigi Collection including:
"Four
allegories of the senses" by Pier Francesco Mola (1612/66)
"Portrait
of Clement IX Rospigliosi (1667/69)" and "Portrait of Cardinal Sigismondo
Chigi" by G.B. Gaulli aka Baciccio (1639/1709)
"Pindar
and Pan" by Salvator Rosa (1615/73)
Main section of the building
Twenty
rooms with original furnishings of the 1600s, 1700s and 1800s and very rare LEATHER
PRINTED WALLPAPER of Spanish origin of the seventeenth century that cover the
entire area of the floor and which constitute a unique example in the world
SUMMER
DINING ROOM
Tempera
decorations with illusionistic landscape, alluding to an aviary, about 1857 by Annibale Angelini (1812/84)
"Chigi
Vase" maybe dating back to the Hellenistic period, most probably an eclectic-classicist
work of the Augustan period, found in 1780 in the area Tor Paterno Castel
Porziano, restored in 1785 by Bartolomeo Cavaceppi
PHARMACY
AND CABINET OF PORTRAITS
Furniture
designed in 1670 by Carlo Fontana (1634/1714)
and made by Antonio Chicari
MARIO DE’
FIORI’S ROOM
Leather
upholstery under a design patented in Amsterdam
"Four
Seasons" by Mario Nuzzi aka Mario de’ Fiori (1603/73)
by Carlo Maratta (1625/1713)
("Summer"), Giacinto Brandi (1621/91)
("Autumn"), Bernardino Mei (1612/76 )
("Winter"), Filippo Lauri (1623/94)
("Spring")
Furthermore,
"Portrait of Mario de’ Fiori painting" by Giovanni
Maria Morandi (1622/1717)
MAIN ROOM
It used to
be an opera theater in the seventeenth century
In the
upper part "Eight large preparatory paintings with angels" by
Giuseppe Cesari aka Cavalier d'Arpino (1568/1640)
for the mosaics in the ribs of the dome of St.
Peter's Basilica
"Blessed Giovanni Chigi" by G.B. Gaulli aka Baciccio (1639/1709)
In the
adjacent CHAPEL
Sanguine
(drawing with red chalk) on the wall "St. Joseph with the Child" 1663
signed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680)
ARIOSTO’S ROOM
Frescoes
with "Scenes of Orlando Furioso" by Giuseppe
Cades (1750/99)
Among the
works from the Chigi Collection:
"Terracotta
bust of Alexander VII" by Melchiorre Caffà (1636/67)
"Two
marble busts of Alexander VII" by Giuseppe
Mazzuoli (1644/1725)
"Portrait
of Cardinal Flavio I Chigi" by Jacob Ferdinand
Voet (about 1639/89)
It is divided
into two sections, the second of which houses temporary exhibitions
In the
first section MUSEO DEL BAROCCO (Museum of Baroque Art) with collection of 48
paintings donated by the art historian Maurizio Fagiolo as the initial core of
the museum, later expanded with the Lemme
Collection of 128 paintings, the Laschena
Collection of 14 paintings, the Ferrari
Collection and other donations
Among the masterpieces:
"Drunkenness
of Noah" and "Lot and his daughters" by Giacinto
Brandi (1621/91)
"Portrait
of Cardinal Rinaldo d'Este" about 1659 by Gian
Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680)
"Portrait
of Pope Innocent X Pamphilj (1644/55)" (maybe) and "Flagellation of
Christ" by Pietro Berrettini aka Pietro da Cortona
(1597/1669)
"Three portraits
of Cardinal Francesco Albizzi" by Giovanni Maria
Morandi (1622/1717)
"Adoration
of the Shepherds" by Andrea Pozzo (1642/1709)
"Self-Portrait"
about 1665, "Virgin Mary in Prayer" and "Fortitude and
Charity" sketch for a pendentive in St.
Agnes in Agone by G.B. Gaulli aka
Baciccio (1639/1709)
"Taking
of Christ in the Garden" about 1597 by Giuseppe Cesari aka Cavalier d'Arpino
"St.
Charles Borromeo in prayer" by Andrea Commodi (1560/1638),
the first master of Pietro da Cortona
"S.
Lucy" by G.B. Salvi aka Sassoferrato (1609/85)
"Dream
of St. Joseph" about 1653/55 by Andrea Sacchi (1599/1661)
"St.
Yves lawyer of the poor" and "Peace and Justice" with a tender Sapphic
touch by Ciro Ferri (1634/89)
"Venus
wipes his forehead with Adonis" by Giacinto
Gimignani (1606/81)
"Mary
and Joseph found Jesus disputing with the doctors in the Temple" by Ludovico Gimignani (1643/97)
In the
collection there are also paintings by Lazzaro Baldi
(about 1624/1703), Mattia Preti (1613/99) and Domenico Fetti (1589/1623)
Among Gaulli’s pupils there are works of the
two main ones:
Giovanni Odazzi (1663/1731) and Ludovico Mazzanti (1686/1775)
Carlo Maratta and his followers, popular
throughout all of the eighteenth century:
Carlo
Maratta (1625/1713),
the founder, with "Baptism of the Centurion Cornelius" for the
Basilica of St. Peter and "Self-Portrait"
There are also
paintings by Giuseppe Chiari (1654/1727), Giuseppe Passeri (1654/1714) and Agostino Masucci (1691/1758)
Painting styles of the eighteenth century and
evolution of Roman painting in the period between Baroque and Neoclassicism:
"Miracle
of the Blessed Ludovica Albertoni" by Benedetto
Luti (1666/1724)
"St.
Bartholomew" by Pompeo Batoni (1708/87)
Also works by Placido
Costanzi (1702/59), Marco Benefial
(1684/1764), Francesco Trevisani (1656/1746), Sebastiano Conca (1680/1764), Domenico
Corvi (1721/1803), Corrado Giaquinto (1703/66), Giuseppe
Cades (1750/99), Pier Leone Ghezzi (1674/1755),
Laurent Pécheux (1729/1821), Antonio Cavallucci (1752/95) and Francesco Manno (1752/1831)
French or Flemish artists who stayed in Rome:
Jean
Lemaire, Jan Miel (1599/1663) and Jacques
Stella
"Killing
of Archimedes" and "Hagar and Ishmael" with the appearance of
the angel by Guillaume Courtois aka Borgognone
(1628/79)
"What
moves us in this painting is the fusion of the characters with the landscape,
the importance given to the sky and the landscape, the pre-romantic color, the touch
fluid and dense at the same time and the magnificent appearance of the
angel" (Arnauld Brejon de Lavergnée)
Altitude 37 m (120 feet). 30,000 inhabitants
Capital of
the Rutuli since the end of the seventh century BC. Their king, Turno, would have
opposed the landing of Aeneas in Lavinium on the nearby coast
It was
already dependent on Rome in 509 BC and in 442 or 434 BC it became a Roman
colony. There are remains of a TEMPIO dating back to this period
Two plateaus:
CIVITAVECCHIA
with the remains of a temple and a church that looked out on a hole
CASALÀZZARA
with remains of fortifications, originally embankments with moats and later
walls in tufa blocks. Acropolis with a temple and another temple building in
front of the church of St. Peter
465 pieces:
jewelry, sculptures, medals, engravings and theatrical sketches donated by Giacomo Manzù (1908/91) who lived in Ardea from 1964
until 1991 the year of his death
In the
garden there is his monumental tomb
1191 for Cencio
Savelli, the future Pope Honorius III (1216/27)
It was
built in the place where, according to legend, would have been the entrance to
the cave where S. Marina lived as a hermit, after the monks discovered she was
a woman and expelled her from the convent where she lived
Entrance with
columns supported by lions and with architrave decorated with bas-relief
The
interior was originally frescoed
On the 19th km of the Via Flaminia
Arch with
four entrances on a rectangular plan 15 x 12 m (49 x 39 feet), 17.50 m (57
feet) high, covered with a groin vault
It was transformed
into a farmhouse after the marble was stripped down and the arches were closed
with walls
The name
comes from a village destroyed and infamous haunt of bandits near the church of
St. Nicholas built inside the arch (maybe in the twelfth century) and then
destroyed in 1485 by the troops of the Orsini family
It is
likely that the arch would correspond to the praetorium (headquarter) of the camp of Constantine (306/337) the
night before the battle against Maxentius on the year 312
According
to the ancient writer Lactantius, tutor of the son of Constantine Crispo, in his
book De persecutorum of the year 314,
and also according to Eusebius, it was here that Constantine had the vision of the
Crismón: two large overlapping
letters, X and P, even if, according to Lactantius, it was a Latin cross with a
P on top
The two
letters correspond, respectively, to the Greek letter χ (chi), and ρ (rho). These two letters are the
initials of the word Χριστός (Khristos), the name of Jesus, which in Greek
means "anointed" and it is the translation of the Hebrew word "Messiah"
It was
opened on the year 2000 with materials from various archaeological sites along
the Via Flaminia
Etruscan
remains from Volusia and Prima Porta, sculptures and architectural elements of
the tombs of Tor di Quinto and Grottarossa, Roman pottery from the kilns at La
Celsa
Altitude 3 m (10 feet). About 40,000 inhabitants
The oldest
seaside resort of the Lazio region with the port of 18,500 m² (4.5 acres), with
more than 1,000 m (3,300 feet) of docks
It was
inhabited since the Iron Age
It
developed as a Volscian fortified town with the name of Antium
It became a
Roman colony in 338 BC. It was a favorite holiday resort spot for many Romans,
including Cicero and Nero
Here was
the Temple of Fortuna Anziate that
rivaled the Temple of Fortune Prenestina
From the
sixth century the decline begun and eventually it was completely depopulated
It
flourished again in 1698 thanks to the new port built for Innocent XII
Pignatelli (1691/1700) with many technical difficulties
It developed
in the late nineteenth century after the railway connection with Rome was built
During the
Second World War the landing of the Americans took place at Anzio on 22 January
1944, followed by the bridgehead for four months
Terraces,
cryptoporticos and a semicircular terrace
Restored by
Hadrian (117/138)
Here were
found: "Apollo Belvedere" copy from the original by Leochares now in
the Vatican Museums, the
"Borghese Gladiator" now in the Louvre in Paris, and the "Maiden
of Anzio" now at the National
Archaeological Museum of Palazzo Massimo in Rome
In the area
there is the PROMONTORIO DELL’ARCO MUTO (Promontory of the Dumb Arch) where maybe
the Temple of Fortuna Anziate used to
stand
Beginning of
the seventeenth cdentury for Monsignor Bartolomeo Cesi
Later it
belonged to the Pamphilj and Borghese families
It is now owned
by the municipality that established here, among other things, the MUSEO CIVICO
ARCHEOLOGICO (Municipal Archaeological Museum), the MUSEO DELLO SBARCO (Museum
of the Landing of Anzio) and the Town Library
About 1726 maybe by Alessandro
Specchi (1668/1729) for Cardinal Alessandro Albani
It was
bought in 1852 by Pius IX Mastai-Ferretti (1846/78)
Since 1870
the Italian government began here a major humanitarian initiative to help poor,
scrofulous and rickety children with the Opera
degli Ospizi Marini (Institution of the Sea Hospice)
Now there
is a central for analysis of ASL, the National Health Agency
Paradise
on the Sea
1919/24 Cesare Bazzani (1873/1939) for Giuseppe Polli and for
the leisure of the rich visitors to the city
It is a
jewel of Art Nouveau style, known as Liberty style in Italian
It is now
owned by the municipality and it is used as a school for tourism
Here were shot
the movie "Amarcord" by Federico Fellini and the very popular Italian
movie "Polvere di Stelle" with Alberto Sordi and Monica Vitti
1660 for
the Card. Costaguti with Italian garden, the garden of orange trees and forest
It is
surrounded by the Regional Nature Reserve Villa Borghese in Nettuno
The village
is mentioned in the sources for the first time in 832. It belonged in the tenth
century to the Abbey of S. Cosimato and later to the Abbey of Subiaco
In the thirteenth
century it belonged to the Count Conrad of Antioch who added
"Corrado" to the name of the city
It is
famous for the beauty of women and it was a favorite destination of artists since
1875 including Adolfo De Carolis (1874/1928), Giulio Aristide Sartorio
(1860/1932), Ferruccio Ferrazzi (1891/1978), Angelo Zanelli (1879/1942), Luigi
Pirandello, his son the painter Fausto Pirandello (1899/1975) and the Austrian
Oskar Kokoschka (1886/1980)
It was
especially popular during the period between the two world wars but even today
there are more than 50 artists' studios
Fountain
"Noah's Ark" by Arturo Martini (1889/1947)
To the left
small CHURCH OF St. PETER of the eleventh century
Mosaic
floor and original frescoes of the thirteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth
century, including those in the first chapel on the left, the CHAPEL OF Sts.
COSMAS AND DAMIAN, by two anonymous peasant painters inspired by the now
disappeared frescoes of Piero della Francesca in the Stanza della Segnatura in the
Vatican and in the Chapel of Sts. Michael
and Peter in Chains in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore
In the PALAZZETTO
BRANCACCIO, the small palace of the Brancaccio family
It opened
in 1935 and it was reorganized in 1985 on two floors
It was
donated by Prince Marcantonio Brancaccio and completed in 2001
More than 200 paintings, sculptures and drawings by artists active here: Giuseppe Capogrossi (1900/72), Arturo Martini (1889/1947), Fausto Pirandello (1899/1975), the Spanish poet and also painter Rafael Alberti (1902/99), Ercole Drei (1886/1973), Adolfo De Carolis (1874/1928), Felice Carena (1879/1966), Consalvo Carelli (1818/1900), Aligi Sassu (1912/2000), Emilio Greco (1913/95), Emilio Vedova (1919/2006), Emanuele Cavalli (1904/81), Ivan Meštrović (1883/1962) and others
Altitude 185 m (610 feet). 17,000 inhabitants
The origin
of the name is uncertain: maybe Anguillara
derives from the Villa Angularia which
was built for the noble Roman lady Rutilia Polla on a rocky corner of the coast
and Sabazia (added in the nineteenth
century) derives from the Latin name of the lake, Sabatinus
It used to
be a fief of the Anguillara family who lost it in 1488 when it passed to the
Orsini family
The
entrance to the village is through a SIXTEENTH CENTURY DOOR about 5 m (16 feet)
thick
Fifteenth
century. It includes the MUSEO STORICO DELLA CIVILTÀ CONTADINA E DELLA CULTURA
POPOLARE (historical museum of rural and popular culture) "Augusto
Montori" opened in 1992:
Three rooms
with hundreds of tools for agriculture, herding, fishing and domestic objects
from the early 1900s
First half
of the sixteenth century, formerly Palazzo
Orsini, now Town Hall
"Frescoes"
dating back to the years 1535/49 including a rare representation of Naples
before it was enlarged and perhaps the only representation of the "Battle
of the Schooner" that led to the conquest of Tunis in which the commissioner
of the painting, Gentil Virginio Orsini, fought alongside Carlo V
Collegiate
Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
Eighteenth
century. At the end of the right nave "Virgin Mary of the Large Fortress"
fourteenth century and repainted in later periods
MAIN ALTAR
"Assumption of Mary" by Girolamo Muziano (1532/92)
In
"The Marmot" district in the nineties the oldest Neolithic village
(introduction of agriculture, use of clay and ceramics) in Europe (5750/5260
BC) was found on the bottom of the lake
This
village is about 1,000 years older than any other Neolithic village ever found
Even a
canoe was found dating back to nearly 8,000 years ago, now on display at the Pigorini Museum in Rome
Church
of St. Francis
Outside
Anguillara, near the train station
Fifteenth
century. Frescoes dating back to the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, including
a "Madonna and Child with Two Angels"
Outside
Anguillara
Mediomineral
water indicated for gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases
Nearby
there are remains of Roman buildings of the imperial period, including a grand ROMAN
VILLA of the second half of the first century BC. The façade of the villa was a
broad semicircular exedra decorated with fountains
On the way
to the Crocicchie train station
Grandiose
ruins of a Roman Villa with brick structures
of the second century BC adapted in the eighth century, or even before, as the
church and convent of St. Stephen, later suppressed by Pius V Ghislieri
(1566/72)
Opened in
1977
Altitude 522 m (1,710 feet). 4,200 inhabitants
It owes its
origin and its name to the mines of alum (used for tanning leather and color
fabrics) discovered in 1462 by Giovanni di Castro
In the
sixteenth century the exploitation and trade of alum was given to Agostino
Chigi (1466/1520) who built the village of Monte
Roncone which later became Allumiere, workers' dwellings (interesting precursor
of social housing) and an aqueduct
Agostino
Chigi had about 20,000 people working for him and used Porto Ercole as his own
private harbor for about 100 ships that would export alum throughout all of
Europe
It was not
only the largest mine but also one of the largest pre-industrial and commercial
companies in Europe
At the time
of Pope St. Pius V Ghislieri (1566/72) the mines financed the war against the
Turks. They are still in efficiency albeit with reduced activity
Built at
the end of the sixteenth century for Gregory XIII Boncompagni (1572/85)
It hosted
some popes
On the
first floor there is the MUSEO CIVICO (Civic Museum) with 4,000 pieces of which
1,500 exhibited, with three sections: archaeological (Villanovan biconical
vases, Etruscan tombs kits and items from the Villa Fontanaccia), naturalistic
and mineralogical
Near the Parco della Rimembranza (Memorial Park)
below the summit of Monte Le Grazie (616 meters - 2,000 feet) the highest
elevation of the MONTI DELLA TOLFA
At the
altitude of 359 m (1,168 feet) is the CHURCH OF THE TRINITY, hermitage where,
according to tradition, St. Augustine would have dictated his rule
1647 Domenico Castelli (1582/1657). Outside Allumiere. It retains a much
venerated image of the Virgin Mary
Near Monte
Tolfaccia (580 m), southeast of Allumiere
Altitude 400 m (1,310 feet). 35,000 inhabitants
In the
territory of the ancient city Alba Longa
The area of
the VILLA OF DOMITIAN (81/96), which had as its center in Castel Gandolfo (Alba Longa), included the area of Albano
Laziale as well
Septimius
Severus (197/211) built the Castra Albana,
camps for the troops of the faithful Second
Parthian Legion who had made a decisive contribution to the achievement of
power for the Libyan emperor
Coming from
Rome, just before Albano Laziale on the left, there are the remains of a grandiose
tomb built with four floors plus maybe a spire, for a total height of about 45
m (147 feet), perhaps the Tomb of Pompey
In the VILLA
COMUNALE OF ALBANO LAZIALE formerly Villa Doria Pamphili, dug in the years 1923/24
and largely buried again
Complex
with a terrace of about 340 x 260 m (1,115 x 787 feet) mistakenly attributed to
Pompey
Entrance of
the Castra Albana, 438 x 240 m (1,437
x 788 feet), discovered after the bombing in 1944 during World War II
There are
numerous sections of the walls left built with large blocks of peperino stone about 1 m (3 feet) thick
Built
reusing the previously existing structures of maybe a nympheum of the Albanum (villa) of Domitian which had
become, at the beginning of the third century AD, the baths of the Castra Albana
Floor
mosaics with "Sea monsters"
Grandiose
Roman underground water deposit of about 10,000 m³ (2,600,000 gallons), 48 x 32
m (157 x 105 feet) divided into five aisles where the aqueducts of Cento Bocche
(one-hundred mouths) and Malaffitto used to converge
Severian period
(193/235). To the north of the Castra
Albana
Half of it
is still preserved with main axis of 113 m (370 feet) and arena 67,50 x 45 m
(215 x 148 feet)
Built by
Caracalla (211/217) south of the Castra
Albana beyond the Via Appia on a slope. They were named after the
neighborhood called Cellomaio
Known in
medieval times as the Palace of Ascanio
One of the
best preserved room of the baths is now the church of S. Pietro which faces the
Appian Way
Majestic
tomb slab with truncated cones in the upper part, built at the end of the
Republican period
It is a
one-off building in its kind. The connection with the Horatii and Curiatii, the
male triplets from Rome and the male triplets from Alba Longa who fought each
other in a duel in the seventh century BC, is legendary and not based on
evidence
In front of
the Tomb of the Horatii and Curiatii. It is evidence of the importance of the
Church of Albano since antiquity
