Monday, February 25, 2019

St. ISIDORE

S. ISIDORO
Begun in 1622 by Felice Antonio Casoni (1559/1634) for the Spanish Franciscans with dedication to the Spanish St. Isidore of Madrid (1080/1130) canonized in that same year by Gregory XV Ludovisi (1621/23)
St. Isidore was a farmer who had miraculous powers. He is the patron of farmers
Continued in 1625 by Domenico Castelli (1582/1657) for the Irish Franciscans led by Father Luke Wadding who transformed the CONVENT into an institution of study and retreat for the Irish brothers, persecuted at the time by the English Protestants
Completed in 1672
Restorations in the years 1856 to 1949

1704/05 Francesco Carlo Bizzaccheri (1655/1721)
Statues “St. Patrick” and “St. Isidore” by Simone Giorgini (active in Rome 1677/1712)
“The previous attribution to the sculptor Andrea Bertoni has been questioned on the basis of the finding of the contract concluded between Giorgini and the Franciscan Fathers, according to which it is known that he received a payment of 50 scudi. The size of the statues and the use of stucco refer once again to the figure of Faith in the Church of St. Ignatius even though, compared to that statue, the images of St. Isidore have lost their roundness, typical of Bernini, and seem to be affected at least in part by the severity of Carlo Maratta, according to the directions followed in that period by other sculptors including Camillo Rusconi” (Alessandra Uguccioni - Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani Treccani)
The Nazarenes lived in the convent from 1810 to 1813
They were young German artists who lived together as a community and were called Nazarenes for their eccentric clothing and their long hair, a bit like the hippies in the late 1960s

VAULT
“Glory of St. Isidore” 1729 by the French Charles Van Loo (1705/65)

1st RIGHT - CHAPEL OF St. JOSEPH
Above the altar “Marriage of the Virgin” (copy of the original stolen in 1798)
On the sides “Flight into Egypt” and “Death of St. Joseph” (copy of the original stolen in 1798)
In the lunettes “Nativity” and “Dream of St. Joseph”
In the dome “Glory of St. Joseph” all works of the years 1650/52 by Carlo Maratta (1625/1713). The decoration of this chapel was one of his first jobs
“Funerary Monument of Isabella Ball Thomas and her daughter Isabella” 1868 by Giovanni Maria Benzoni (1799/1873)

2nd RIGHT - CHAPEL OF St. ANNA
Designed by Domenico Castelli (1582/1657)
Altarpiece “Virgin Mary and St. Anna” and “Scenes from the life of St. Anna” about 1657 by Pietro Paolo Ubaldini (about 1614/about 1684) pupil of Pietro Berrettini aka Pietro da Cortona

RIGHT TRANSEPT
Oval “Glory of St. John of Nepomuk” by an unknown seventeenth-century artist inspired by Maratta
To the left “Tomb of Alfonso Mazanedo” with bust possibly by Giuliano Finelli (1602/53)

TO THE RIGHT OF THE MAIN ALTAR - CHAPEL DA SYLVA or OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
1662/64 by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598/1680) for Rodrigo Lopez da Sylva
“Frontal in cloudy alabaster” with natural veins in the marble that go on over the wall above
The veins were left and completed by Bernini in order to obtain a material which shows connotations creatively artificial, even if taken from nature like the dark alabaster of Montauto that even mingles with the background color of the painting by Maratta
Above the altar “Immaculate Conception” (in a frame with fruits and flowers by the engraver Antonio Chicari), on the left “St. Francis”, on the right “St. Anthony of Padua” and in the lunette “Angel Musicians”, all works by Carlo Maratta (1625/1713)
On the walls “Da Sylva Funerary Monuments: Rodrigo and his wife Beatriz de Silveira” and “Four virtues” (in the eighteenth century the nudities were covered with draperies in bronze), maybe by Gian Lorenzo Bernini or more likely by his son Paolo Bernini (1648/1728) or by his pupils Giulio Cartari (active 1665/78) and Pietro Paolo Naldini (1619/91)
In the dome and in the spandrels stuccos maybe by Gian Lorenzo Bernini

MAIN ALTAR
1630 Marco Arconio, in precious marbles
Sarcophagus in Carrara and Portovenere marble with bodies of the saints and martyrs Leozio and Floriano
Tabernacle 1799 by Ippolito Mazzola
Above the altar “St. Isidore has a vision of the Virgin Mary and Child” about 1623 by Andrea Sacchi (1599/1661)

LUNETTE above the altar “Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane” 1856 and DOME “Virgin Mary and Saints” by Domenico Bartolini (1827/84)

PENDENTIVES “Evangelists” 1948 by Silvio Galimberti (1869/1956)

TO THE LEFT OF THE MAIN ALTAR - PAVONI CHAPEL or CHAPEL OF St. FRANCIS AND St. PATRICK
1626/28 for the Pavoni family from Rimini
Fresco “Stigmata of St. Francis” by an unknown eighteenth-century artist
On the walls and pillars “Saints” 1948 by Silvio Galimberti

OUTSIDE THE CHAPEL
“Funerary Memorial of the Canon Antonio Borani” 1677 by Giovanni Francesco De Rossi (active 1640/77)
Large painting “St. Patrick” 1861 by the friar Ippolito from Poggio Bustone

2nd LEFT - CHAPEL OF St. ANTHONY
1692 Francesco Carlo Bizzaccheri (1655/1721)
Above the altar “St. Anthony of Padua in ecstasy” by Giovanni Domenico Cerrini (1609/81)
On the sides modern paintings with “Miracles of St. Anthony”
In the lunettes “Healing of the sick child” and “Preaching to the fish” by Gilles Hallet (1620/94)

1st LEFT - CHAPEL OF THE HOLY CROSS
Decoration in golden stucco by Domenico Castelli (1582/1657) for Costanza Pamphilj, nephew of Innocent X, and for her husband Nicolò Ludovisi owner of the land in the area
Frescoes in the dome “Exaltation of the Cross” and lunettes on the left “Agony in the Garden” and on the right “Crowning with Thorns” 1654/57 by Carlo Maratta (1625/1713) who had also painted three paintings stolen from the chapel during the Napoleonic occupation

LARGE CLOISTER aka WADDINGHIAN CLOISTER
1630 on land donated by Nicolò Ludovisi
On the walls touched up paintings with “Stories from the life of St. Francis and of the Franciscan friars” 1701 by Friar Giovanni Antonio Sguary from Padua

CAPITULAR ROOM
“Portrait of Father Luke Wadding” by Carlo Maratta

AULA MAXIMA
Large room for academic meetings
Frescoes of “Franciscan theologians and scholars at work” and “Immaculate Conception supported by Sts. Anthony and Francis” by Frair Emanuele da Como
“The College of St. Isidore became a center of studies renown in Europe. Here research took place about theology, philosophy and history, and the so-called 'Scola Scotistica' had remarkable development through lectures held in the Aula Maxima” (Daniela Matteucci)

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