St. COSIMATO

S. COSIMATO
Piazza S. Cosimato 76
1069 as Ss. Cosma, Damiano, Benedetto e Emerenziana (Sts. Cosmas, Damian, Benedict and Emerenziana) near the monastery of mid tenth century
Restored in 1246 and rebuilt with the monastery for Sixtus IV Della Rovere (1471/84)

PORCH of the twelfth century

TWO CLOISTERS:

The first floor of the first cloister dates back to 1246 and the second floor to the time of Sixtus IV
The second cloister dates back entirely to the time of Sixtus IV
The name Cosimato is a “Trastevere” contraction, a local corruption of the name Cosmas and Damian, and indeed there has never been a St. Cosimato, even in the legends

INTERIOR

Redecorated in 1871

LEFT BACK WALL

“Madonna Enthroned with Sts. Francis and Clare” by Antonio del Massaro aka Antonio da Viterbo or il Pastura (about 1450/1516)

MAIN ALTAR

Built in 1639 with venerated painting “Madonna and Child” of the end of the thirteenth century, moved here from the ancient Basilica of St. Peter
The painting was stolen, and when it was found in the river, it was recovered personally by Pope Leo X Medici (1513/21) who had it post in a tabernacle on the Ponte Senatorio (Bridge of the Senators), the current Ponte Rotto (Broken Bridge)
Later the painting was seen emanating light miraculously and it was placed in S. Cosimato

ANNEXURE TO THE SACRISTY

Seven paintings from the Oratory of S. Angelo in Pescheria by Giuseppe Ghezzi (1634/1721), Lazzaro Baldi (about 1624/1703) and Borgognone
Now in the complex there is the OSPEDALE NUVO REGINA MARGHERITA, New Hospital Queen Margherita

VATICAN MUSEUMS - BORGIA'S APARTMENT (first part)

APPARTAMENTO BORGIA

 

1492/95 Bernardino di Betto aka Pinturicchio (1454/1513) and assistants including Antonio del Massaro aka Antonio da Viterbo or Pastura (about 1450/1516), Tiberio d'Assisi (about 1460-70/1524), Benedetto Bonfigli, Bartolomeo di Giovanni and Pietro d'Andrea da Volterra for Alexander VI Borgia (1492/1503) who lived here

It was later also used by Julius II, but only until 1507 when, tired of living in the same apartment that belonged to his bitter enemy, he moved upstairs

“Pinturicchio like Perugino exploits his paintings but rather for the hedonistic taste for colorful images than for the principles of faith and instruction of the faithful. Just because the pleasure of the eyes also please the intellect, he creates with the same liveliness figures in stories of saints, mythological tales and contemporary events. It is without doubt the most secular of the painters of his time” (Giulio Carlo Argan)

“The iconographic program of the frescoes, of great doctrinal complexity, blended biblical exegesis of the early centuries with the latest hagiographic sources and hermetic currents of contemporary thought. At a formal level, a legacy of the late Gothic updated to the modern culture of perspective, overlapped to an adorned style of Spanish-Moorish origin, linked to the Valencian origins of the client” (Explanatory panel in the Room of Mysteries of Faith)

The first three rooms are included in the TORRE BORGIA (Borgia Tower) dating to the years 1492/94 and corresponding to the Sala dell'Immacolata (Room of the Immaculate Conception) upstairs

 

Room I – Of the Sibyls

 

In 1500 two assassins of Cesare Borgia killed here Alfonso I of Aragon, the second husband of Lucrezia Borgia, in his bed

Twelve lunettes with “Sibyls and Prophets” and above “Eight little stories with astronomical symbols” (with seven planets, and a discussion among astronomers and armillary sphere) by pupils of Pinturicchio including probably Antonio da Viterbo

 

Room II

 

No frescoes in this room

 

Room III – Of the Creed

 

In the twelve lunettes “Prophets and Apostles” with scrolls reproducing the verses of the Creed, maybe painted by Piermatteo Lauro di Manfredo aka Piermatteo d'Amelia (1446-48/about 1506)

 

Room IV – Of the Liberal Arts

 

Maybe it was the study of Alexander VI and the place where his dead body was exposed

“Fireplace” of the sixteenth century maybe by Simone Mosca and designed by Jacopo Tatti aka Jacopo Sansovino (1486/1570)

Remains of the original tiles in the floor

In the two vaults heraldic emblems of the Borgia family “Bull and radiant crown”

In the lunettes “Arts of the trivium” (grammar, dialectic and rhetoric) and “Arts of the Quadrivium” (geometry, arithmetic, music and geometry) with celebrities in the cultural world of the fifteenth century symbolizing the different disciplines, maybe painted by Tiberio d'Assisi (about 1460-70/1524) and Lorenzo da Viterbo (about 1444/72)

In the arch that separates the room in two frescoes with the theme of “Justice”

From the Room of Liberal Arts gateway to some small rooms including Alexander VI's bedroom and the treasury