HOLY TRINITY OF THE PILGRIMS

SS. TRINITÀ DEI PELLEGRINI
Via Trinità dei Pellegrini/angolo Via dei Pettinari

Eleventh or twelfth century, formerly known as S. Benedetto de Arenula (St. Benedict of Arenula) connected to the hospice for pilgrims and convalescents founded in 1540 by S. Filippo Neri

Rebuilt in the years 1603/16 by Paolo Maggi (?/1613) from a design by Martino Longhi the Elder (1534/91)

In 1690 G.B. Contini (1641/1723) inserted eight columns in the pillars of the dome

FAÇADE
1722/23 by Francesco De Sanctis (1693/1740) with “Statues of the four evangelists” by Bernardino Ludovisi (about 1713/49)
Francesco De Sanctis after completing this façade designed and executed in the following three years the famous Spanish Steps in Piazza di Spagna

INTERIOR remodeled in 1858 by Antonio Sarti (1797/1880)

1^st RIGHT - CHAPEL OF THE HOLY CROSS
“Wooden crucifix” of the seventeenth century
Frescoes with scenes of the “Passion” of the beginning of 1600s by an anonymous artist influenced by Giovanni Alberti

2^nd RIGHT - CHAPEL OF St. FILIPPO NERI
1852 designed by Antonio Sarti
Above the altar “Ecstasy of S. Filippo Neri” by Filippo Bigioli (1798/1898)

3^rd RIGHT - CHAPEL OF S. G.B. DE ROSSI
Above the altar “Christ with the Virgin Mary and Sts. John the Baptist and Filippo Neri” 1882 by Antonio Bianchini (1803/84)
Frescoes “Stories of St. Julius” about 1615 by G.B. Ricci (about 1550/1624)

RIGHT TRANSEPT
Marble group “St. Matthew “1587/1602 by Jacob Cornelisz Cobaert aka Cobe the Dutch (about 1535/1615), who had sculpted it for the Contarelli Chapel in S. Luigi dei Francesi. However, it was rejected by the client Matteo Contarelli

It was purchased by the Crescenzi family and it was made complete in 1615 with the “Angel” by Pompeo Ferrucci (about 1566/1637)

“The marked Mannerism of the apostle contrasts here with the Baroque figure of the angel, echoing the style of Francesco Mochi and elements of classical sculpture which Ferrucci liked very much” (Roberto Luciani)

MAIN ALTAR
“Holy Trinity” by Guido Reni 1625/26 (1575/1642) for Cardinal Ludovisi

PENDENTIVES
“Four Evangelists” about 1612 by G.B. Ricci

DOME
In the lantern “Eternal Father” 1612 by Guido Reni

LEFT TRANSEPT
“Sts. Joseph and Benedict” by G.B. Ricci, containing a fragment of a fresco with “Madonna and Child” originally on the outside wall of Palazzo Capranica and considered miraculous

3^rd LEFT - CHAPEL OF St. GREGORY THE GREAT
Above the altar “Mass of St. Gregory” by Baldassare Croce (about 1553/1628), who also painted the frescoes on the walls

2^nd LEFT - CHAPEL OF Sts. FRANCIS AND AUGUSTINE
Above the altar “Madonna and Child with Sts. Augustine and Francis” by Giuseppe Cesari aka Cavaliere d'Arpino (1568/1640)
Frescoes “Four Doctors of the Church and the four Evangelists” by Baldassare Croce

1^st LEFT – CHAPEL OF St. CHARLES BORROMEO
“Madonna and Child with Sts. Dominic, Anthony, Charles Borromeo and Filippo Neri” 1677 by Guillaume Courtois aka il Borgognone (1628/79), other paintings by G.B. Ferretti

SACRISTY
1644 designed by Giacomo Mola (?/1650)
“Annunciation” by G.B. Ricci and “Mass of St. Gregory” about 1572 by Jacopo Zucchi (about 1542/96) with the face of the client right in the center of the painting, Cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici, who inspired Caravaggio for one of the faces of his Deposition in the Chiesa Nuova, now in the Vatican Museums

HOSPITAL-HOSPICE FOR PILGRIMS AND CONVALESCENTS
1622/25 by Giacomo Mola (?/1650)
In 1849 here died the Italian patriot Goffredo Mameli, author of the lyrics of the Italian national anthem

St. SAVIOUR IN WAVE

S. SALVATORE IN ONDA
Via dei Pettinari 51

Mentioned for the first time by the sources in 1127
It was originally dedicated to S. Salvatore and S. Cesareo (St. Saviour and St. Cesareus)
The official name is Chiesa della Trasfigurazione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (Church of the Transfiguration of Our Lord Jesus Christ)
Maybe it was called S. Salvatore in Onda for the frequent floods of the nearby river or for a now lost old painting which used to be visible in the church with “Saviour walking on water”

In 1445 it was given to the Franciscans who remained here for about 400 years

In the adjacent CONVENT Francesco Della Rovere lived before he became Pope Sixtus IV (1471/84) and also Felice Peretti before becoming Pope Sixtus V (1585/90)

In 1684 it was restored and reduced in size

Restored again in the years 1725/29 for Benedict XIII Orsini (1724/30) and in 1845 for St. Vincent Pallotti (1795/1850) to whom the church had been entrusted as the seat of the Congregazione dell'Apostolato Cattolico (Congregation of the Catholic Apostolate) founded by him in 1835

“After the tornado of the French Revolution and Napoleon, bishops, priests, clergy, scholars, acted generously in defense of the faith. And Vincent Pallotti saw and appreciated that. But he said that it was not enough: the real problem was not to protect the fence of the believers. No, at that time one had to conquer other believers still, everywhere, knocking down fences. He added: this is the task of all, because every Christian has the duty to keep the faith and to spread it where there is no more faith or not yet. This was a program of attack. Vincenzo respected the apostolic mandate peculiar to the Pope, bishops, clergy, but then spoke of 'Catholic apostolate' as a duty and responsibility for every Christian, because 'God has commanded everyone to help getting eternal salvation for his neighbor' (...) Pius XI proclaimed Vincent 'real worker of the missions', 'provident and valuable collaborator and forerunner of the Azione Cattolica (Catholic Action)'. Pope John XXIII proclaimed him a saint in 1963” (Domenico Agasso - Famiglia Cristiana - www.santiebeati.it)

It is currently officiated by the Pallottines Missionaries

FAÇADE 1845

INTERIOR
1877/78 Luca Carimini (1830/90) who restored the church, revealing the “Twelve ancient columns”, and raised the level of the floor

CEILING 1876

CLERESTORY
Entablature also in the apse with faux gold mosaic representing on the right “Symbols of the Old Testament” and on the left “Tools of martyrdom and symbols of the Evangelists” maybe by Alessandro Palombi (active late nineteenth/early twentieth century)

Alternating in between the windows “Characters of the Old Testament” by Filippo Prosperi (1831/1913) a pupil of Cesare Mariani

IN THE RIGHT NAVE - CHAPEL OF THE VIRGO POTENS
1863 Luca Carimini
On the altar “Virgo Potens” (Powerful Virgin Mary) of the end of the eighteenth century. It belonged to the Blessed Elisabetta Sanna who is buried here

Canvases “Immaculate Conception”, “St. Francis or Bonaventure”, “St. Anthony of Padua”, “Annunciation”, “Judith and Holofernes” and “Esther and Ahasuerus” 1875/76 by ​​Cesare Mariani (1826/1901)

WALL AT THE END OF THE RIGHT NAVE - ALTAR OF Sts. JOSEPH, COSMAS AND DAMIAN
“Apparition of St. Joseph and Christ Child to Sts. Cosmas and Damian” by Massimiliano Seitz

MAIN ALTAR
1950 by Luigi Fracassini with, inside, the body of St. Vincent Pallotti
“Virgin Mary and Child” 1878 by Cesare Mariani

APSE
In the apsidal basin “Transfiguration” by Filippo Prosperi
Wall of the apse “Sts. Peter, Paul, John of Nepomuk and Filippo Neri” by Cesare Mariani

WALL AT THE END OF THE LEFT NAVE - ALTAR OF St. ALEXIS
Marble relief “Apparition of the Virgin Mary to Sts. Alexis and Euphemian” late 1700s by an anonymous eighteenth-century artist

CONVENT OF THE PALLOTTINES
Museum on the first floor and rooms where St. Vincent Pallotti lived

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS
Under the apse there is the CRYPT with three small naves
In the level further below there are ruins of ancient Roman storage rooms and shops of the second century AD. They are accessible from the crypt through a trap door

SIXTUS BRIDGE

PONTE SISTO

Piazza Trilussa/Via dei Pettinari

Part of an arch is ancient: maybe part of the Bridge of Agrippa, built before 12 BC, or of the AURELIUS or “ANTONINUS” BRIDGE built in 147 AD for Antoninus Pius (138/161) or Caracalla (211/217), who was actually called Marco Aurelius Antoninus

It was restored in the years 366/367 by the prefect Lucius Aurelius Avianus Symmachus under Valentinian (364/375 with Valens and Gratian) and called the Bridge of Valentinian until 589 when a flood of the River Tiber destroyed it

Since then it was called tremulous BRIDGE, BROKEN BRIDGE or GIANICOLENSE BRIDGE

It was rebuilt in 1473/75 maybe by Baccio Pontelli (about 1450/92) for Sixtus IV Della Rovere (1471/84). He incorporated the ruins of the ancient bridge in the new construction and used materials taken from the Colosseum

The bridge was financed with money from the taxes levied on the “public whores” or prostitutes under the control of the church

One of the pillars was restored in 1567 by Matteo Bartolani da Città di Castello (about 1527/about 1598) for Pius IV Medici (1559/65)

In 1998 the parapets were rebuilt according to the original design and the damaged metal walkways added in 1877 were removed

It is 108 m (354 feet) long and 11 m (36 feet) wide

It seems that Sixtus IV had decided to build the bridge because when he was still a cardinal he had lived in the Convent of S. Salvatore in Onda in Via dei Pettinari and so he knew well how the construction of the new bridge would have facilitated communications in this area of ​​Rome

It is the only bridge in Rome constructed between antiquity and the nineteenth century